English phonemic full writing mode (‘Qenya alphabet’)

Note: This page relies on an embedded font for displaying the tengwar characters. If you cannot see the characters, there is a PDF version at your convenience: english-phonemic-full-qenya-alphabet.en.pdf.

Consonants

Vowels

Modifiers

This German phonemic full writing mode requires four rules:

Nasal combinations

When a stop is preceded by the corresponding nasal^[9] (/m/ + /p, b/, /n/ + /t, d, tʃ, dʒ/ or /ŋ/ + /k, ɡ/), the nasal is written with a horizontal bar above, e.g.  camp,  amber,  print,  band,  inch,  singe,  kink, or  finger.

-S ending

An S that is an ending is is written with a right Sa-rince, e.g. , , , , .

Syllabic consonants

Syllabic /n̩/, /m̩/ and /l̩/ are written with Unutixe ◌, e.g. , , . Syllabic /r̩/ may be unmarked, e.g. .

Following /ʋ/

In the combination of consonant + /ʋ/, the /ʋ/ is written with a modified left curl ◌, e.g. , .

Following /j/

In the combination of consonant + /j/, the /j/ may be written with two dots above ◌, e.g. , .

Following S that is not an -S ending

In a combination of consonant + S, the S may be written with a Sa-rince schrybe. Letters that have the lúva on the left side of the telco take a left Sa-rince, e.g. , . The other letters take a right Sa-rince, e.g. , .

Nasal vowels

Nasal vowels may be written with a horizontal bar above ◌, e.g. , .

Sources and notes

This German phonemic full writing mode is mainly based on DTS 71 (Bilbo’s contract). It is a full writing mode where the third series of the main tengwar table is a /tʃ/ series. Therefore, the use of Hwesta  for /x/ follows from the regular relations between the tengwar table and the sounds as explained in Appendix E.

A phonemic tengwar mode requires a phonemic analysis. Such an analysis never goes without saying, but depends on a number of choices. These choices depend from the available means, that is, in the case of the tengwar, from the system of the tengwar.

1. hwesta_unque_noldo
2. oore_roomen
3. long_carrier
4. vowels_organization
5. osse
6. short_carrier
7. short_carrier_or_vala_with_andaith
8. long_vowels_with_r
9. The bar above for indicating nasalization could also be used on fricatives, when a fricative is preceded by the corresponding nasal. However, while this is attested in other modes (e.g. DTS 71), it is not attested in this mode. The sequence /ns/ is either written as  Númen, Silme (e.g. _Q30a inside, _{DTS 23} counsel) or – when final – as  Númen, spacing Sa-rince. The sequence /nʃ/ is solely attested in the word _Q27c mentioned. The sequences /nf/ and /nv/ occur in a few words such as _Q14 confound.

   The bar above is used in compound words as well as in single words. In a compound words such as into, which is composed of the two components in () and to (), we might expect the bar above not to be used so the two components could be more easily recognized in their own right (hypothetically, *). However, the two components are fused by using the bar above: _Q11k. Similar spellings can be found in words such as _Q10e endearing, _Q33 intolerant, _Q29a included, _Q29b enclose, _Q35a seventeen.

   There are very few cases where a possible bar above is not used, namely in the words _Q31a branches, _Q13b whitsuntide and _Q39a earned. The spelling of the word branches appears to be a mistake, considering the use of the bar above in the words _{Q10d, Q11b} inch, _Q11f French, _Q28 Manchester, _{DTS 23} wench. The spelling of the word whitsuntide might hint at a special treatment for compounds words that are composed of two lexical words. The compound words mentioned above were either composed solely of function words (into) or composed of a function word – or affix – and a lexical word (endearing, intolerant, seventeen). The compound word whitsuntide, however, is composed of two lexical words, similar to other compound words such as dragonfly or blackbird. While a special treatment for this kind of compounds might be possible, we do not have enough evidence (there is one comparable case spelled with bar above in a different mode, the word /_{DTS 58} Rivendell). The spelling of the word earned might hint at a special treatment for past verb forms (such as spinned, ruined, etc.). However, we have two other past verb forms spelled with bar above, _Q27c mentioned and _Q39b burnt.